Even today, people are surprised to learn that Istanbul ISNT the capital of Turkey. Their next question usually is, why is Ankara the capital and not Istanbul? We understand the confusion. After all, when looking at cities in Turkey, much hype revolves around Istanbul, the largest city. Politically, Istanbul is Turkeys stronghold. The saying goes that if you control Istanbul, you control Turkey. Additionally, most people head to Istanbul rather than Ankara for tourism and travel. A modern city, Istanbul also stands at the forefront of education, business, real estate and investment, healthcare and finance. So, the confusion is understandable. But to answer the question, there is a story to be told about how and when Ankara became the capital of Turkey.
Turkey is a fascinating country located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia. It has a rich history spanning millennia, with influences from ancient Greek, Persian, Roman, and Ottoman civilizations. When visiting Turkey, two cities always top the list for tourists – the sprawling metropolis of Istanbul and the more understated capital, Ankara But what exactly makes each of them unique, and which one is the true capital of Turkey?
A Tale of Two Cities: Istanbul vs Ankara
Istanbul and Ankara offer vastly different experiences. Istanbul is Turkey’s largest and most famous city. This ancient metropolis straddles two continents with one foot in Europe and the other in Asia. It boasts stunning historical sites like the Hagia Sophia Blue Mosque, and Topkapi Palace. Its busy bazaars, hopping nightlife, and vibrant food scene draw over 11 million visitors per year.
Ankara, on the other hand, is Turkey’s more administrative capital. Far smaller and less touristy than Istanbul, it has a more local vibe. Ankara lacks the big blockbuster attractions, but makes up for it with a burgeoning arts scene, interesting museums, and tasty street food.
So which city is officially designated as the capital of Turkey? The answer is Ankara.
A Brief History of Ankara as Capital
Ankara has a long history stretching back over 3,000 years. Various ancient civilizations ruled the region, including the Hittites, Phrygians, Lydians, Persians, Greeks, and Romans. It was an important city in the Roman province of Galatia.
After the Ottoman conquest in the 11th century, Ankara fell into decline as nearby Istanbul grew. The city remained modestly sized for centuries. But this changed following the Turkish War of Independence.
Ankara became the base for the new Turkish National Movement starting in 1920. It was chosen by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the father of modern Turkey. After the founding of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, Ankara officially became the new capital. This succeeded Istanbul, which was viewed as too closely tied to the fallen Ottoman Empire.
The choice of Ankara made sense, as Istanbul lay vulnerable on the border with Greece and Europe. Ankara was more centrally located within Turkey’s Anatolian heartland. Over the 20th century, it transformed from a small town into a major urban center.
Comparing Ankara and Istanbul Today
As the capital, Ankara is the administrative center of Turkey. It houses the Turkish parliament, presidential palace, Supreme Court, and many government ministries. Ankara is Turkey’s second largest city, with over 5 million residents in the greater metro area.
Istanbul remains the cultural hub and economic powerhouse of Turkey. It has over 15 million inhabitants, making it one of the largest cities in Europe. Istanbul generates 40% of Turkey’s GDP. It also welcomes the vast majority of Turkey’s international tourists and visitors.
While Ankara is the official capital, Istanbul retains its importance. Some government institutions still remain headquartered there. Its prominence has earned it the nickname “capital of capitals.”
In the friendly rivalry between the two cities, Istanbulites will boast of their city’s energy and historic sites, while Ankarans will emphasize their city’s relaxed vibe and key role running the country.
Visiting the Capital of Turkey
While Istanbul steals the limelight, Ankara is a fascinating destination in its own right. As Turkey’s capital for over a century, it holds stories about the founding of the modern republic. Visitors can explore sites like Anıtkabir, the huge mausoleum of Atatürk set on a hillside. Museums like the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations provide insight into Turkey’s ancient past.
Beyond the landmarks, Ankara offers glimpses of everyday local life. Bazaars and markets sell spices, sweets, and handicrafts. Locals sip tea and play backgammon in cafes. As a student city, Ankara has a youthful energy and large university population.
So while Istanbul has the dazzling sights and reputation, Ankara serves as the political and administrative heart of the nation. It provides a more intimate look at Turkey’s vibrant capital far from the tourist crowds. Ankara’s role as capital may be less famous than Istanbul’s history, but it is an essential destination for understanding Turkey.
Turkish Cultures and Lifestyles
Istanbul: The citys rich cultural heritage is evident in arts, music, and cuisine. The diverse population and long history reflects the city’s traditions and customs.
Ankara: As the seat of government, Ankaras culture leans more towards Turkish political and bureaucratic aspects. Cultural highlights are less vibrant in entertainment and nightlife compared to Istanbul.
City Break Tourism in Turkey
Istanbul: As a major tourist destination, Istanbul attracts millions of visitors every year. The historical landmarks, vibrant bazaars, and stunning waterfronts attract many travellers.
Ankara: While the city may not receive as many tourists as Istanbul, Ankara still offers attractions for history enthusiasts and those interested in understanding Turkeys modern development.
Ankara Or Istanbul The Capital Of Turkey
FAQ
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