When it comes to Thanksgiving, a lot of people tend to underestimate the time it takes to thaw the turkey.
As Thanksgiving approaches, it’s time to think about that centerpiece of the holiday meal – the turkey! Taking the turkey out of the freezer to thaw in time for Thanksgiving can be a key logistical challenge. Follow this guide to learn exactly when you should transfer your frozen bird from the freezer to the fridge to thaw.
Overview of Turkey Thawing Timelines
The general rule of thumb is to allow one day of fridge thawing time per 4-5 pounds of turkey weight. So for a typical 12-16 pound turkey, you’ll want to move it from freezer to fridge about 3-4 days before cooking. Here are the recommended timelines:
- 4 to 12 pounds – 1 to 3 days in fridge
- 12 to 16 pounds – 3 to 4 days in fridge
- 16 to 20 pounds – 4 to 5 days in fridge
- 20 to 24 pounds – 5 to 6 days in fridge
These timelines ensure the turkey will thaw slowly and safely in the refrigerator. Depending on the fridge temperature, figure it may take about 24 hours for every 4-5 pounds. A 12 pound turkey would thus take 2-3 full days to thaw.
Why Thaw in the Fridge vs. Counter
It is unsafe to thaw a turkey at room temperature or in warm water over 40°F. The turkey must be kept below 40°F to prevent bacterial growth. As the turkey thaws, juices will leak and can become a source of dangerous bacteria.
Thawing in the refrigerator allows slow safe thawing around 35-40°F. The closed fridge contains any leakage and bacteria spread. Though it takes longer fridge thawing is foolproof and the USDA-recommended method.
Emergency Quick Thaw Options
If you’ve missed the timeline to thaw in the fridge, there are two emergency quick thaw options: in cold water or in the microwave.
For the cold water method keep the turkey in its airtight packaging and fully submerge it in cold tap water changing the water every 30 minutes. Estimate 30 minutes thawing time per pound, so a 12 pound turkey will need 6 hours in 40°F or less cold water.
To thaw in the microwave, consult your owner’s manual for timing based on turkey weight and power level Defrost using the microwave’s defrost setting if available Cook immediately after microwaving to prevent bacterial growth.
Food Safety After Thawing
Once thawed, turkeys must be cooked within 1-2 days to prevent dangerous bacterial growth from thawed juices. Do not refreeze a thawed turkey unless it was thawed in the microwave which does not alter its structure.
Cook thoroughly to an internal temperature of 165°F in the thickest part of the breast and thigh. Let rest 20 minutes before carving. Discard any turkey juices that leaked during thawing. Enjoy your thawed turkey for a tasty and safe Thanksgiving!
Quick Turkey Thawing FAQs
How long does it take to thaw a 12 pound turkey in the fridge?
- 3-4 days
Can you thaw a turkey at room temperature?
- No, only in the fridge, cold water, or microwave
How long does it take per pound to thaw a turkey in water?
- Estimate 30 minutes thawing time per pound in cold 40°F or less water
Is it safe to refreeze a thawed turkey?
- Only if it was thawed in the microwave, do not refreeze if thawed in fridge or cold water
What is the internal temperature a turkey should reach for safety?
- Cook to an internal temperature of 165°F as measured in the thickest part of the breast and thigh
Follow these turkey thawing guidelines and you’ll be on your way to a delicious and safe holiday meal the whole family will enjoy!
In the refrigerator
Place your turkey in its original wrapper in the refrigerator. Make sure the temperature is 40 degrees F or below. Thawing time varies depending on size but typically it takes 24 hours for every 4-5 lbs. That means an average-sized turkey will take a several days to thaw. Once thawed, your turkey can be safely stored in the refrigerator for 1-2 days before cooking.
In cold water
If you forgot to thaw the turkey, don’t panic. A faster thawing method is to submerge the frozen bird in cold water. You need to change the water every 30 minutes to be safe. While this method is faster, it still takes about 30 minutes per pound for complete thawing. Cook the turkey immediately after thawing.
